GH SOLARTypical PV system configuration
The components typically required in a grid-connected PV system are illustrated below:
Watt peak
The PV array consists of a number of individual photovoltaic modules connected together to give the required power with a suitable current and voltage output. Typical modules have a rated power output of around 75-180 Watts peak (Wp) each. A typical domestic system of 1.5 - 2 kWp may therefore comprise some 12-24 modules covering an area of between 12-40 m2, depending on the technology used and the orientation of the array with respect to the sun.
From DC to AC
Most PV modules deliver direct current (DC) electricity at 12 volts (V), whereas most common household appliances in Europe run off alternating current (AC) at 230 V. An inverter is used to convert the low voltage DC to higher voltage AC. Numerous types of inverter are available, but not all are suitable for use when feeding power back into the mains supply.
Isolating the photovoltaic system
Other components in a typical grid-connected PV system are the array mounting structure and the various cables and switches needed to ensure that the PV generator can be isolated both from the building and from the mains.
The meter
Finally, a meter will be required to ensure that the system owner can be credited for any PV power fed into the mains supply.